The Ramsar Convention, established in 1971 in the Iranian city of Ramsar, is an international treaty aimed at the conservation and sustainable management of wetlands worldwide. Spanning half a century, the Convention has sought to raise awareness of the importance of wetlands, ensure their protection, and promote sustainable practices that benefit both people and ecosystems.

The Great Green Wall initiative represents one of the most ambitious environmental restoration projects in history, aiming to combat desertification and enhance food security across the Sahel region of Africa. Stretching from Senegal in the west to Djibouti in the east, the Great Green Wall is envisioned as a mosaic of trees, shrubs, and vegetation that serves as a barrier against the encroaching Sahara Desert.